I felt the need to comment on a short piece sent to me by Esther Eshiet regarding the current state of communication on HIV and AIDS in various parts of Africa. In reviewing an article written by PlusNews on June 18th 2008 in Johannesburg South Africa the article provides support for a very import and noticeable fact, first that HIV is spoken about negatively by the people in Africa and second [has quoted Felicity Horne statement] that “ ‘language can neither be separated from our thoughts and feelings, nor from the social context in which it is used… words and images create different conceptual realities of the phenomenon”’.
The author informs us that billions of dollars have been spent on communication strategies, yet local insight into the ‘disease’ and views of it on the street remains negative; (Paragraph 1). Apart from the information given that ‘HIV is often spoken about as a thief”, among other terms such as ‘landmines’ ‘sickness of this generation’ and ‘little bug’ (mini dictionary from IRIN/PlusNews), the most important take home message that I felt the author wanted us to know was that organizations in Zimbabwe (and most likely other developing countries and nations) “argue that the slang used to describe the virus –which is almost uniformly negative- reinforces the stigma and fatalism that has proved so difficult to erase over the past 25 years of advocacy” (paragraph 8). [The author states that] Felicity Horne (a academic who studies ‘AIDS and language’) recognizes that while communities tried to break the silence of this ‘disease’ informal or slang terms for the epidemic were proliferating and were beginning to construct a response (undoubtedly negative) to the pandemic.
My response
There is very little doubt that communication efforts in much of Africa has failed and that negative views still perpetuate the air like a foul smelling odor that cannot be displaced.
Without a doubt obviously the latter (slang and negative stigma) continues to hinder attempts to successfully encourage people to get tested, support self education, participate in media efforts to show that people can live with the disease, and other efforts to reduce the incidence of spread and possible violence against those infected and affected. (This author understands and has witnessed this in other countries;) However as pro-health as this author is, as a social scientist I spend my time asking a lot of questions and looking at the not so obvious. I also understand that most things that people fear, slang is and will be continually used to describe, so I ask ‘why should we expect that HIV will be addressed any differently’ (other than negatively).
To address a state of existing and ‘disease’ any differently is to ‘neutralize’ it. If it is neutralized is ceases to be a ‘sickness’ or ‘disease’. Do not misconstrue what I am saying. I am not supporting slang, negative connotations of HIV or any ‘disease’, or that it should be ‘neutralized’. I am bringing to your attention the important question. “Why should there be an expectation that HIV is going to be addressed differently (because of improved ‘communication’), when to do so is to neutralize ‘it’ and make an assumption that society wants to see the state of existence as ‘normal’; assuming such is a big presumption.
I fail to understand why people would assume that foreign investment in “improved (Western influenced) communication” brings “understanding” and thus diminishes fear. There is of course the assumption that there wasn’t “understanding” prior to another change in communication strategies for the so-called ‘billion dollar investment’ above. There are four styles of learning, and three major forms of communication. There is one organ responsible for fear, the mind. It seems to me a lot of assumptions were made when billions of dollars were invested in communication strategies; a lot of assumptions are made that ‘understanding HIV’ -something you only see the results of and not the process in action- should make one less afraid, and further assumptions are made that people don’t ‘understand’ and that is why they are perpetuating the negative. [We know that misunderstanding creates fear, but communication doesn’t always eliminate fear; if it did would not most people welcome death (painful or painless) after conversations with the ‘bringer’ of death?] In simple sincerity reversing the format of the question I ask, “If communication eliminated all fears wouldn’t most people accept the possibility of death, if they heard a whisper that “it” was ready for them?”
Original Article Titled: AFRICA: Mind your language - a short guide to HIV/AIDS slang (posted 6/18/08 IRIN PlusNews -Global HIV/AIDS news and analysis)